В современном английском языке принято не различать сказуемые ДЕЙСТВИЯ и сказуемые СОСТОЯНИЯ (в отличие от русских глагольных сказуемых и именных сказуемых). Это совершенно неправильно. В английском языке такая градация существует.
Например, по смыслу синонимичные предложения I am afraid и I fear различаются между собой лишь видом сказуемого, а именно именным сказуемым в первом примере и глагольным - во втором. Их начальные формы соответственно: to be afraid (afraid - устаревшая форма прилагательного) и to fear .
В другом примере, I am worried и I worry по смыслу абсолютно синонимичные предложения ("Я беспокоюсь") так же отличаются лишь видом сказуемого: в первом примере сказуемое именное, выраженное глаголом-связкой "to be" и причастием II "worried" (в фунции прилагательного, условно отвечающего на вопрос: какой?, какая?, какое?, какие?), во втором - глагольное,с начальной формой "to worry".
В этом разделе представлены шаблоны для произношения только тех именных сказуемых, именная часть которых выражена прилагательными, причастиями II и причастиями I. (Помимо этих частей речи в роли именной части могут выступать существителльные, наречия, числительные, предлоги и др.)
В нашем условном изображении эти части речи имеют такой вид:
- прилагательное,
- причастием II,
- причастием I.
Сначала будут предложеныименные сказуемые с прилагательными, затем с причастиями II, затем с причастиями I.
Обратите внимание, что шаблоны со сказуемыми состояния с причастиями II "I" по структуре не отличаются от шаблонов со сказуемыми действия в Пассив Simple. (См. Тренажер произношения. Действие. Пассив. Simple). Точно так же шаблоны со сказуемыми состояния с причастиями I
"I"
2) вместо - причастие I глаголов
3) вместо - причастия II ("синяки") глаголов. (Они не имеют времени например, cleaned, played, done);
4) вместо - прилагательные ( "желтки" . Например, easy bad hungry )
SIMPLE
I; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'M; YOU'RE
; HE'S
; SHE'S
; IT'S
;
WE'RE ; YOU'RE
; THEY'RE
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
.
ИЛИ
I'M NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; HE'S NOT
; SHE'S NOT
; IT'S NOT
;
WE'RE NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; THEY'RE NOT
.
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
;
ITNOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
;
ITN'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
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?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'll
; YOU'll
; HE'll
; SHE'll
; IT'll
;
WE'll
; YOU'll
; THEY'll
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
; WE
NOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
I WON'T; YOU WON'T
; HE WON'T
; SHE WON'T
; IT WON'T
;
WE WON'T
; YOU WON'T
; THEY WON'T
.
ИЛИ
I'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; HE'll NOT
; SHE'll NOT
; IT'll NOT
;
WE'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; THEY'll NOT
.
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?
PERFECT
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'VE
; YOU'VE
; HE'S
; SHE'S
; IT'S
;
WE'VE; YOU'VE
; THEY'VE
;
I NOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
.
ИЛИ
I N'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
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.
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; HE
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; HE
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; YOU
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; THEY
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.
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
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; HE
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; IT
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; WE
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; YOU
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; THEY
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.
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;
WE'RE ; YOU'RE
; THEY'RE
.
INOT
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NOT м; HE
NOT
; SHE
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;
WENOT
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; THEY
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.
ИЛИ
I'M NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; HE'S NOT
; SHE'S NOT
; IT'S NOT
;
WE'RE NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; THEY'RE NOT
.
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
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; HE
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; SHE
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; IT
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;
WEN'T
; YOU
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; THEY
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.
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WENOT
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; THEY
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;
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
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; HE
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; SHE
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;
WEN'T
; YOU
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; THEY
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.
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; YOU
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;
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; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'll
; YOU'll
; HE'll
; SHE'll
; IT'll
;
WE'll
; YOU'll
; THEY'll
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
; WE
NOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
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;
ИЛИ
I WON'T; YOU WON'T
; HE WON'T
; SHE WON'T
; IT WON'T
;
WE WON'T
; YOU WON'T
; THEY WON'T
;
ИЛИ
I'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; HE'll NOT
; SHE'll NOT
; IT'll NOT
;
WE'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; THEY'll NOT
;
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;
WENOT
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; THEY
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.
ИЛИ
I'M NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; HE'S NOT
; SHE'S NOT
; IT'S NOT
;
WE'RE NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; THEY'RE NOT
.
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
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; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
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; THEY
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.
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WENOT
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;
ИЛИ
IN'T
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; HE
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; SHE
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; IT
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;
WEN'T
; YOU
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; THEY
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.
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I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
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;
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; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'll
; YOU'll
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; SHE'll
; IT'll
;
WE'll
; YOU'll
; THEY'll
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
; WE
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; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
I WON'T; YOU WON'T
; HE WON'T
; SHE WON'T
; IT WON'T
;
WE WON'T
; YOU WON'T
; THEY WON'T
;
ИЛИ
I'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; HE'll NOT
; SHE'll NOT
; IT'll NOT
;
WE'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; THEY'll NOT
;
I
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?
CONTINUOUS
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'M ; YOU'RE
; HE'S
; SHE'S
; IT'S
;
WE'RE
; YOU'RE
; THEY'RE
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
.
ИЛИ
I'M NOT ; YOU'RE NOT
; HE'S NOT
; SHE'S NOT
; IT'S NOT
;
WE'RE NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; THEY'RE NOT
.
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
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;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
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?
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?
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'll
; YOU'll
; HE'll
; SHE'll
; IT'll
;
WE'll
; YOU'll
; THEY'll
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
; WE
NOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
I WON'T; YOU WON'T
; HE WON'T
; SHE WON'T
; IT WON'T
;
WE WON'T
; YOU WON'T
; THEY WON'T
;
ИЛИ
I'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; HE'll NOT
; SHE'll NOT
; IT'll NOT
;
WE'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; THEY'll NOT
;
I
?
YOU
?
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?
SHE
?
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?
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?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I ; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'M; YOU'RE
; HE'S
; SHE'S
; IT'S
;
WE'RE ; YOU'RE
; THEY'RE
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT м; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
.
ИЛИ
I'M NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; HE'S NOT
; SHE'S NOT
; IT'S NOT
;
WE'RE NOT; YOU'RE NOT
; THEY'RE NOT
.
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
I
?
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?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
;
WENOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
IN'T
; YOU
N'T
; HE
N'T
; SHE
N'T
; IT
N'T
;
WEN'T
; YOU
N'T
; THEY
N'T
.
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?
I
; YOU
; HE
; SHE
; IT
;
WE
; YOU
; THEY
.
ИЛИ
I'll
; YOU'll
; HE'll
; SHE'll
; IT'll
;
WE'll
; YOU'll
; THEY'll
.
INOT
; YOU
NOT
; HE
NOT
; SHE
NOT
; IT
NOT
; WE
NOT
; YOU
NOT
; THEY
NOT
;
ИЛИ
I WON'T; YOU WON'T
; HE WON'T
; SHE WON'T
; IT WON'T
;
WE WON'T
; YOU WON'T
; THEY WON'T
;
ИЛИ
I'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; HE'll NOT
; SHE'll NOT
; IT'll NOT
;
WE'll NOT
; YOU'll NOT
; THEY'll NOT
;
I
?
YOU
?
HE
?
SHE
?
IT
?
WE
?
YOU
?
THEY
?